Regional convergence of growth,inequality and poverty in India—An empirical study

The paper attempts to examine whether there is regional convergence of per capita consumption, inequality and poverty across various states in India. Using panel unit root tests that are robust to cross-sectional dependence, we find that inequality and poverty indicators converge at both rural and urban levels. Further, per capita consumption converges at urban level but not at rural level. Based on factor analysis, we find two groups of states for rural sectors, viz., low-growth and high-growth states, for each of which per capita consumption converges. We also attempt at identifying the responsible entities — central or state governments or both in cases where convergence is not achieved.     

Institutions and geography: Empirical test of spatial growth models for European regions

This article provides an empirical assessment of the growth experiences of European regions, during the period 1991–2004, by taking into account the spatial effects due to both institutions and geography. These effects have been modelled by means of specific controls and by using a non-conventional spatial weight matrix. Results favour a model dealing with substantive spatial externalities. Within this framework, the country-specific institutions are strongly and positively related to the regional productivity's growth rate. In addition, the geo-institutional proximity increases the spatial dependence of the regional output per worker and raises the speed of convergence. By contrast, the pure geographical metrics is underperforming, while underestimating the convergence dynamics.     

中、美医药领域价值工程应用进展研究

目的加快价值工程在新药研发中的应用,降低新药研发成长,从而控制医疗费用的不断上涨。方法研究中、美两国价值工程在医药领域的发展现状,分析目前其在我国医药领域应用的困难及现实必然性。结果与结论针对现状,建议在政策规定、价值文化等方面要加强建设,为价值工程在我国医药领域的发展做好充分准备。     

海上保险人的共同海损赔偿责任辨析——中、英法律和条款之比较

共同海损与海上保险都是现代海商法中重要的法律制度,两者之间存在着密切的联系,现代海上保险合同无不把共同海损和救助列为承保责任。人们往往误以为共同海损理算结果和海上保险赔偿责任之间完全能划上等号。在对外贸易实务中,海上保险人出于保护自身利益的目的,在保险单中,对共同海损责任认定及共同海损赔偿计算都有特别规定。另外,与英国海上保险实践相比,中国《海商法》和海上保险条款的相关规定过于笼统,不利于实务操作。文章给出了相应的修改建议。     

Manufacturing growth and local employment multipliers in China

We study the impact of employment growth in manufacturing on job creation in the non-tradable sector for prefecture-level cities in China. Using the 2000 and 2010 Censuses of Population, we apply the shift-share approach to isolate the exogenous change of employment growth in manufacturing. For every hundred new manufacturing jobs, we find that 34 additional jobs are created in the non-tradable sector. We also show that the effect is heterogeneous along a number of dimensions. More specifically, one new job in high-technology manufacturing creates more jobs in the non-tradable sector while low-technology manufacturing employment growth has no significant multiplier effect. Among the non-tradable industries, the multiplier is the largest for wholesale, retail, and catering. Finally, the effect is also geographically heterogeneous, with the multiplier being greater for inland regions.     

工业企业R&D支出与第二产业生产总值关系研究——以湖北省为例

近些年来,科研机构、企业以及高校都越来越重视科研投入,从实际看,企业科研投入的成果转化速度最快。依据2003-2014年湖北省统计数据,从实证角度分析了规模以上工业企业R&D（研究与开发）经费支出与第二产业生产总值增长之间的关系,结果表明R&D支出对第二产业生产总值增长具有显著的激励效应。据此还对R&D投入绩效进行了简要评价,为政府科研政策制定和企业研发投入提供参考。     

美国R＆D税收激励政策——美国政府对跨国公司从事R＆D活动的政策调研

里根政府于1977年制定了被称为“中性条款”的政策,规定美国对内资和外资一视同仁。因此,美国的R＆D税收激励政策,同样适用于跨国公司。自1981年里根政府通过《经济复兴税收法案》以来,有关政策共修订了12次。最新的法案提供3种可选择的方法：传统税收减免法、递增减免法和简化减免法。     

跨国医药企业境外分支机构的研发活动概况

本文对全球医药企业境外分支机构开展研发活动的总体情况,以及跨国医药企业海外研发机构的情况进行综合分析。     

Government Failure in Urban Transportation

This paper assesses governmental performance in its investment, provision and regulation of urban transportation. Attention is given to public bus and rail transit and road transportation. Evidence based on urban transport in US cities reveals substantial allocative and technical inefficiencies that have led to large public transit deficits and severe highway congestion. I argue that it is futile to expect public officials to remedy the situation by pursuing more efficient policies such as congestion pricing and weighing costs and benefits when deciding transit service. The problem is that urban transportation policy is largely shaped by entrenched political forces that inhibit constructive change. The only realistic way to improve the system is to shield it from those influences and expose it to market forces by privatising it. This position is supported by empirical evidence based on simulations for the US and the UK's early experience with privatisation.     

R／S分析在我国股票市场上的应用

长期以来，资本市场理论为线性范式所主宰，而近来的许多研究都表明，市场具有复杂的非线性动力系统的特征。本文通过对上海、深圳股票市场的R／S实证分析，揭示了我国股票市场波动的非线性特征，为进一步研究我国资本市场的非线性特征提供了依据。